Sensitivity Comes Last

Principle: Place personal, sensitive, or potentially uncomfortable questions toward the end of surveys to avoid early abandonment.
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Research shows that sensitive questions create psychological discomfort that can lead to survey abandonment when encountered early (Tourangeau & Yan, 2007; Krumpal, 2013).

Examples

A product feedback survey begins with questions about income, age, and job title before asking about product experience.

Problems:

  • Creates immediate privacy concerns before establishing survey value
  • Increases early abandonment, especially among privacy-conscious respondents
  • Biases sample toward those comfortable with personal disclosures
  • Wastes opportunity to build rapport and trust first

The survey begins with engaging product experience questions, builds to moderately personal usage questions, and ends with optional demographic items.

Benefits:

  • Establishes relevance and value before requesting sensitive information
  • Builds psychological investment that increases completion likelihood
  • Creates momentum and rapport before sensitive questions
  • Improves representation across privacy sensitivity levels
  • Maintains higher completion rates with better sample representation

How to Apply It

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Identify Sensitive Questions

Review your survey for questions about finances, politics, health, personal habits, or identifying information.

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Create Psychological Investment

Position engaging, relevant questions early to build momentum before sensitive topics.

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Make Sensitive Questions Optional

Allow respondents to skip personal questions while completing the core survey.

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Explain Why You're Asking

Provide clear reasons for sensitive questions to establish legitimacy and purpose.

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